Ordens criminal-legais: repensando o poder político do crime organizado
Resumo
Apesar da sua relevância para entender a mudança política e a instabilidade em muitas partes do sul global, a relação entre o crime organizado e as ordens políticas continua sem ser estudada a fundo. Este artigo introduz o inovador conceito de “crimilegalidade” para abordar este assunto. Recorrendo às concepções de ordem política elaboradas por Weber, Fukuyama e North, Wallis e Weingast, explica-se como os patrões regulares de intercâmbio e interação social –entre atores privados e públicos, e estatais e não-estatais que se estende sobre a brecha que comumente divide ao âmbito da legalidade (“mundo legítimo”) do âmbito da criminalidade (“submundo ilegítimo)– influem no caráter, na forma e na evolução da ordem política. Sugere-se que nas ordens crimilegais onde a criminalidade organizada adquire maior poder político e que os oligopólios da coerção e violência são elementos constitutivos de tais ordens. Este artigo conclui com algumas ideias acerca de como o conceito de crimilegalidade pode ser adotado de maneira útil nos âmbitos da construção da paz e na mitigação da violência não associada aos conflitos armados na América Latina e em outras partes do mundo contemporâneo.
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