El rol de las alianzas sociales en el proceso de reconstrucción en Salgar, Colombia

  • Julia Helena Díaz Ramírez Universidad de los Andes
  • Holmes Julián Páez Martínez Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
  • Gonzalo Lizarralde Universidad de Motreal
  • Benjamín Herazo Universidad de Motreal
Palabras clave: Alianzas sociales inter-sectoriales, desastre, reconstrucción, legitimidad, incertidumbre primaria.

Resumen

Después del desastre ocurrido en Salgar, Colombia, en 2015, la estructura de gobernanza, basada en la corresponsabilidad entre actores públicos, privados y sin ánimo de lucro, jugó un rol central en el proceso de reconstrucción. En esta investigación se analizan tres aspectos de dichas alianzas, identificados a partir de la teoría, y su papel en la creación del beneficio colectivo. Se emplean métodos cualitativos de enfoque exploratorio e interpretativo para analizar fuentes primarias y secundarias. Se encuentra que, en Salgar, las alianzas entre organizaciones de los tres sectores permitieron: (a) gestionar la incertidumbre primaria y los comportamientos oportunistas, (b) legitimar las acciones de respuesta al desastre y (c) construir confianza para la acción social. Estos resultados sugieren que la participación de organizaciones privadas y sin ánimo de lucro alrededor de un acuerdo de corresponsabilidades permite una mejor respuesta en situaciones de desastre, y una mejor gestión conjunta con las organizaciones estatales. Las alianzas sociales en procesos de reconstrucción favorecen el manejo de recursos escasos, la coordinación de actores y facilitan la construcción de confianza con la comunidad para la acción social.

Abstract

After a disaster partially destroyed the city of Salgar (Colombia) in 2015, a governance structure based on co-responsibility between public, private, and non-profit stakeholders was key in the reconstruction process. Three aspects of these alliances, identified from the theory, and their role in the construction of the common good are analyzed. Qualitative methods are applied, with an exploratory and interpretive approach to analyze both primary and secondary sources. In Salgar, the alliances between organizations from the three sectors allowed to: (a) manage primary uncertainty, while learning about opportunistic behavior and responses to it; (b) legitimize actions during the disaster response, and (c) build trust among stakeholders. The results suggest that the participation of organizations from the three sectors around an agreement of co-responsibilities facilitates both response in disaster situations and joint management with public organizations. Therefore, social alliances in reconstruction processes facilitate the management of scarce resources, stakeholder coordination, and the establishment of trust between beneficiaries and institutions.

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Publicado
2022-03-31
Cómo citar
Díaz Ramírez, Julia, Holmes Páez Martínez, Gonzalo Lizarralde, y Benjamín Herazo. 2022. «El Rol De Las Alianzas Sociales En El Proceso De Reconstrucción En Salgar, Colombi»a. Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana De Estudios Socioambientales, n.º 31 (marzo), 115-34. https://doi.org/10.17141/letrasverdes.31.2022.5092.